History of Charleston

Peramangk People of the Adelaide Hills

The Peramangk lands traditionally comprise the Adelaide Hills, as well as lands to the west of the Murray River in mid Murraylands and through to the northern part of the Fleurieu Peninsula in the Australian state of South Australia. Peramangk family group names include Poonawatta, Tarrawatta, Karrawatta, Yira-Ruka, Wiljani, Mutingengal, Runganng, Jolori, Pongarang, Paldarinalwar, Merelda. While some major aspects of Peramangk culture became unpractised during European settlement, many families survive with a Peramangk genealogy. Norman Tindale in his various interviews with Peramangk descendants recorded the names of at least eight family groups: the Poonawatta to the west of Mount Crawford, the Yira-Ruka (Wiljani) to the east down as far as Mount Torrens and Mannum and the Tarrawatta whose lands extended to the North as far as Angaston. The Karrawatta (west) and Mutingengal (east), occupied lands to the north of Mount Barker, but somewhat south of the River Torrens. The Rungang, Pongarang, and the Merelda, occupied the lands to the south of Mount Barker, in preceding order down as far as Myponga in the south. After the European settlement of the Adelaide Hills, it is often stated that Aboriginal South Australians including people of Peramangk heritage were forced into missions set up by church and government organisations, as were many of the Kaurna and other neighbouring tribes. Many Peramangk may have integrated with the Kaurna, Ngarrindjeri, Nganguruku or other tribes, although relocation from traditional lands was not universal. In recent decades, there have been moves to identify Peramangk descendants through genealogy and through outreach to those who identify as Peramangk.

Peramangk Dreaming Story (As retold by Reg Butler OAM, Hahndorf)

Many years ago, the first Aboriginal people came to live on the Adelaide Plains.  Sadly, evil spirits which lived there did not like to be disturbed. They changed many of the new-comers into animals and birds.  Eventually, the Aborigines forced the evil spirits to remain in creeks and waterholes forever.  However, Aboriginal people could no longer eat animals or birds, because, very likely, they could be human beings.  One man and his wife ate part of a kangaroo.  Sometime later, their little baby boy, Pootpobberrie, was born. He was part person and part kangaroo.  Pootpobberie grew taller than anyone else. He had long pointed paws and fur grew all over him. Pootpobberrie could carry a rock in one hand and jump across a gully with one leap as well.  In time, Pootpobberrie and his wife went to live in the Adelaide Hills.  They became the father and mother of the Peramangk people.

Colonial Settlement

About a dozen Special Surveys were conducted in the Adelaide Hills in 1839 for wealthy men or syndicates of buyers who put up £4,000 to start the survey. After the Survey the funders took 4,000 acres (i.e. they paid £1 per acre) and the government had additional surveyed land to sell at £1 per acre to poorer buyers. The SA Company, which had financed the setting up of this colony in 1836, paid for the Sources of the Torrens River Special Survey in 1839. Most of the survey covered the Onkaparinga and the areas we traverse today on this tour rather than the Torrens itself. The SA Company intended to buy up the land for £1 per acre, get tenant farmers to develop the land, and then sell it on later at a great profit. In 1839 Charles Newman had arrived in the colony from England as an employee of the SA Company because he was knowledgeable about stock control. He was a shepherd for the Company and the first white settler of the Charleston area. He saved his wages and waited to buy land in the district in 1843. A few years later William Dunn arrived in the colony in 1843 and bought some land at what is now Charleston. He soon acquired more land. His family had resources and one of his brothers had already established a flour mill at Mt Barker and became known as the miller of the colony. Another brother had purchased land at Mt Torrens and went on to establish the township there. Soon one of William Dunn’s daughters at Charleston married Charles Newman the former SA Company shepherd.

Charles Newman and William Dunn lived in what was called Newman Street at Charleston. As the first settler the locality was called Mt Charles and the township was eventually called Charleston. Charles Newman built Blackford House, named after his home village in Somerset England, in the Georgian style in 1855. William Dunn built Gumbank (next door to Newman’s home) in 1843, which ended up being a large two storey residence, and subsequently a  prosperous blacksmiths and property. (Ref: Denisbin Flikr)

The town of Charleston was laid out in 1857 by Charles Dunn (1796–1881).  Charles Herbert Newman (1888 – 1969) the grandson of Charles Newman donated the parkland to the community of Charleston, now known as the Charleston Community Centre.

Charles Newman: His Life and Legacy

Charles Newman was born 9th March 1821 in Wincanton, Somerset, England, United Kingdom. He married Mary Dunn, 19th Jan 1846 in Chapel, Nairne. He and Mary had four children: William George Newman, Jane (Newman) Pope, George Charles Newman and Herbert Alfred Newman. He died 7 Sep 1900 at age 80 in Charleston, South Australia, Australia.

In his late teens he left England on July 3, 1837 on the ship Catherine Stewart Forbes, to be employed as a shepherd by the South Australian Company, to be stationed on Kangaroo Island. On the ship’s arrival to KI, it was disappointing for him to find only three sheep left on the island! He sailed back to Adelaide, gaining employment at the first kiln of bricks in the colony (which were later used in building the Company’s flour mill on the banks of the Torrens). Charles Newman resided in and near Adelaide in the employee of the South Australian Company and others until the end of 1839.

Now a young man of twenty, he was once again in the employ of the South Australian Company, and moved just north of what is now the township of Charleston and Mount Charles. It was near Mount Charles that Charles Newman took up his first section of land on which he commenced to build his homestead Blackford House in 1855.

Charles Newman was elected a member of the Onkaparinga District Council for Charleston Ward in 1866 and continued to be a member of the council and Chairman almost without intermission until 1888. Charles Newman gained the respect and entire confidence of his various colleagues and ratepayers through the district by his honourable and upright character. His word was his bond on all occasions. In his capacity as a Justice of the Peace, Charles Newman earned the reputation as a most conscientious magistrate. He was married to Mary Dunn, born in Devonshire 1826, and had several children, and many grandchildren. Charles Newman passed away on September 7th 1900 aged 80, having lived most of his life near Charleston. He is buried in the Charleston Cemetery. 

Reformists SA Premier Archibald Peake was educated by his father in the school at Charleston. Peake was Premier in 1909-1910, 1912-1915 and again from 1917 until his death in 1920. The new Charleston school of 1921 was opened by former Premier Peake’s wife. It is now a private residence. The branch railway line from the Melbourne line to Mount Pleasant which passed through Charleston opened in 1918 especially to take race goers to the Easter Oakbank races. The line closed in 1963. Up until that time the service was also used by students from Charleston, Mt Torrens, etc attending Oakbank Area School. The disused line is now the Amy Gillet Bikeway, connecting the hills towns Mt Torrens through to Oakbank.

His son George, had fourteen children, one of whom, Charles Herbert Newman (1888 – 1969) donated the parkland to the community of Charleston, now known as the Charleston Community Centre.

Early Life of Charles Newman Recollections of Long Ago. South Australia in 1837.

Excerpt: In the latter end of April in the same year, the Company selected their special survey on the sources of the Onkaparinga and we were shifted at once to their new purchase, where we had many troubles to contend with. The blacks were defiant, and the wild dogs impudent, with cold and hunger common particularly in lambing times, and, as we had nothing but netting for our yards, we had to make fires at night to scare them away. We had only been there just long enough to build a hut when Joe Stagg and Goften, who afterwards came to such a tragic death, called upon us with the saddles on their backs and asked for a night’s lodging, having lost their horses at Mount Crawford, where, no doubt, they were spying about with a view to stealing cattle. I knew Goften at once, for we had been engaged with another man to put up a fence dividing the Company section from the parklands. We stayed up late that evening and Stagg told some curious stories about how many blacks he had shot in Van Diemons land. On one occasion he, with others, had been out all day looking for blacks but had failed to run them down so they camped for the night. Next morning about daylight they heard a black fellow whistle, apparently for his dog (the blacks used no fires at night for fear of being seen by the enemy), they crawled up as close to the black’s camp as was safe without giving alarm and then rushed on them, killing everybody they could lay hands on, men, women and children, without the slightest regard to age or sex, thus a lot of long-sentenced criminals or allowed by the government to murder women, and otherwise abuse them and their children, according as their low vicious bloodthirsty nature dictated without being amenable to anyone for their foul deeds. The blacks were outlawed at the time for having served the whites in like fashion. Here were the sins of the fathers visited upon the children with a vengeance, and that with the sanction of a British government. Perhaps this will explain what Stagg said on the gallows before he was hanged for the murder of his mate Goften ‘I know I deserve hanging although I am innocent of the crime for which I am about to suffer.

This is the only person I believe he has been hanged up to the present time where there has been any doubt about the guilt. In this case, there was a policeman who had a good deal of suspicion cast upon him, of the name of Lomas. The evidence was purely circumstantial, but Stagg was a most notorious bad character, he got very little sympathy from the general public. On another occasion we had to leave the hut while we took the sheep to be shorn. While we were away Green and Wilson, two famous horse-stealers came and robbed the hut, taking away all our flour sugar and tea, besides a clean shirt of mine. Their camp was near where the Woodside mines are now situated. One morning they left telling Mrs Green, who was with them, to remain until they returned. However, after waiting two days, she left and found her way again to Leggetts, who was shepherding where Inverbrakie is now. I might mention here, although we recovered part of the tea, we never used it on account of its having been stowed away in one of Mrs Green’s stockings. Not very nice was it?

Charleston War Memorial & Honour Roll

Boer War 1899-1902

DUNN, Lionel William Garie Born 15 July 1874, Charleston Occupation: stock salesman Enlisted 1 Oct 1899, Service #90 Trooper, 4th Imperial Bushman, Australian Imperial Forces, served 1 1⁄2 years Invalided to Australia 17 Dec 1900, died Myrtle Bank, 5 Feb 1951, aged 78 years

World War 1 1914-1918 (AIF)

BELL, Clive Bentley Born 25 January 1894, Mount Torrens Occupation: labourer Enlisted 4 October 1916, Service #3110, returned to Australia 15 May 1919 Private, 3rd Light Horse Regiment Died Mount Torrens, 28 July 1954, aged 60 years BOERTH, Walter Clifford Born 21 February 1897, Lobethal Occupation: miner Enlisted 1 February 1916, aged 18 1⁄2, Service #4382 Private, 2nd Australian Machine Gun Battalion Returned to Australia 20 May 1919, died South Australia, 29 January 1976, aged 78 years Buried in Charleston Cemetery BROOK, A BUCKLEY, EW DUNN, Laura Amelia Born 3 July 1883, Charleston (lived in Woodside) Daughter of George Dunn and Eliza Jane nee Disher, sister of Lionel William Garie (below) Nurse, volunteered 13 November 1917, appointed 4 March 1918, discharge date unknown Died 20 June 1965 of multiple injuries in Adelaide, aged 83 years Cremated at Centennial Park Cemetery DUNN, Lionel William Garie Details as per Boer War above Enlisted 20 May 1918, aged 43 years 10 months HARRISON, Athol Robert Born: Charleston Occupation: labourer Enlisted 28 January 1915, Service #586, aged 21 years Private, 27th Infantry Battalion HARRISON, JJ HOWARD, JM KEEN, Frank Born 19 April 1895, Lobethal Occupation: farmer Enlisted 19 December 1915, Service #2331, discharged 27 February 1918 Trooper, 3rd Light Horse Regiment Died Meadows, 27 January 1959, aged 63 years LATHAM, William Born July 1891, Charleston Occupation: farmer Enlisted 21 August 1916, Service #2947 & 2949, discharged 19 March 1919 Private, 50th Infantry Battalion NEWMAN, Archibald Carmichael Born 1890, Lucindale (home town: Charleston) Occupation: dairy farmer Enlisted 26 November 1914, Service #726, discharged 9 July 1919 Shoeing Smith / Trooper, 9th Light Horse Regiment Died of natural causes in 1965, aged 75 years Buried in Charleston Cemetery Biography contributed by Robert Wight and sourced from vwma.org.au South Australian born dairy farmer, Archibald Carmichael Newman (Arch), was born in 1880 and brought up in a family of seven sons and seven daughters in the rural town of Charleston in the Adelaide Hills on the Onkaparinga River. The family were respected pioneers of the district, being amongst the first to take up land there in 1837. They were known for their industry and enterprise in agriculture growing record crops, establishing lucrative dairy operations and exhibiting award winning horsemanship. Aged 24, Arch enlisted with the AIF in November 1914, serving in the 9LHR. After initial training in Melbourne he left on the transport HMAT "Surada" on 6th February 1915 with 59 military personnel, en route to Fremantle. At Fremantle the "Surada" took on additional troops and their mounts, embarking from there on 17th February 1915 with 205 men and 230 horses. After further training in Egypt, the light horse regiments were not deployed as a mounted formation at Gallipoli, but rather were attached as reinforcements to the infantry divisions, given the extensive casualties of the Gallipoli landings. Arch landed at Gallipoli late in May 1915. Whilst it may have been fortuitous that the 9LHR was the reserve regiment for the brigade’s disastrous attack at the Nek, it suffered extensive casualties at Hill 60 almost three weeks later. At only 50 percent strength it continued in a defensive role on the peninsula until evacuation on 19 December 1915. 9LHR returned to Egypt to rejoin the brigade which had become part of the ANZAC Mounted Division, instrumental in its defence of the Suez Canal and driving the Turks back across the Sinai Desert. Arch did not come away from the war unscathed. He was wounded during the course of the campaign in Palestine, and also affected by shell shock, however he remained in service until his return to Australia in 1919. After the war Arch returned to dairy farming, also practicing as a Justice of the Peace on the local court circuit. Arch died in 1965 aged 75 and he rests in the Charleston Cemetery, SA. NEWMAN, Harold Clive Born 8 June 1896, Lucindale (grew up in Charleston; home town: Canberra) Occupation: postal clerk / public servant Enlisted 27 November 1914, Service #727, discharged 1 October 1917 (medically unfit) Sergeant, 9th Light Horse Regiment Died of natural causes Canberra, 11 December 1983, aged 87 years Buried in Centennial Park Cemetery, South Australia Biography contributed by Kathleen Bambridge and sourced from vwma.org.au In 1910 his civilian career started as a messenger boy with the Post Master General's Department (Post Office) in South Australia.Following his war service in 1919 he was appointed accountant and cheif clerk of the Department of Works. In 1939 he had risen to be the Chief finance officer in the Treasury's Defence Division. He moved in 1942 to Public service inspector in Western Australia before transferring, in 1947, to Melbourne in the Defence Division Head of Treasury. In 1955 Clive was appointed Auditor General of the Commonwealth, he retired 1961. Clive was a National Trustee of the returned services League from 1955 until his death in 1983. He lent prestige to the office and to the National Headquarters. Clive was awarded a CBE in 1960. TEAKLE, Alex Sydney Born 1894, Woodside Occupation: labourer Enlisted 5 January 1916, Service #396 Lance Corporal, 43rd Infantry Battalion Died 3 October 1967, aged 75 years Buried in Charleston Cemetery

World War II 1939-1945 ANDREW, Herbert Maxwell Born 23 April 1922, Adelaide Enlisted 28 March 1942, Service #417261, discharged 5 February 1946 Flight Lieutenant, Royal Australian Air Force Died 23 April 2012, aged 90 years AYRES, Jack Born 11 January 1924, Adelaide Enlisted 28 March 1942, Service #417289, discharged 11 September 1945 Flying Officer, Royal Australian Air Force BELL, Alan Charles Born 15 October 1912, Charleston Occupation: farmer Enlisted 25 June 1940, Service # SX6815 Corporal, 2nd/43rd Infantry Battalion Killed in action, Egypt, 30 August 1942, aged 29 years Buried in El Alamein War Cemetery, Egypt BELL, Edgar George Born 5 May 1917, Murray Bridge (home town: Charleston) Enlisted 24 August 1942, Service #SX22879 & S17641, discharged 10 October 1945 Private, 10th/48th Infantry Battalion, Australian Military Forces BOWEN, Percy (Pete) Hopkin Born 12 September 1917, Kensington (home town: Charleston) Enlisted 19 February 1940, Service #SX1751 Occupation: cheese maker Corporal, 2nd/10th Australian Infantry Battalion Killed in action by sniper 26 December 1942, Buna, Papua New Guinea aged 25 years Buried in Port Moresby (Bomana) War Cemetery, Papua New Guinea BOWEN, William (Bill) Loxton Born 15 September 1921, Mannum (home town: Charleston), brother of Percy Hopkin Bowen Enlisted 12 January 1942, Service #SX16235, discharged 3 December 1945 Occupation: dairy farmer – worked on uncle Donald Charles Bell’s dairy farm on Newman Rd Trooper, 2nd/9th Armoured Regiment Died of natural causes 19 November 1994, Belair, aged 73 years Buried in Centennial Park Cemetery, South Australia CARTER, Donald Sydney Born 17 January 1927, Lobethal (home town: Charleston) Enlisted 19 May 1945, Service #R39573, discharged 21 November 1956 Leading Seaman, Royal Australian Navy DUNN, George Wardlaw Born 29 April 1911, Charleston – brother of John Mackinnon Occupation: farm manager Enlisted 13 July 1942, Service #SX26106, discharged 10 August 1943 Bombadier, 48th Field Battery, Australian Army Died 3 December 1986, aged 75 years Buried in Charleston Cemetery DUNN, John Mackinnon Born 6 Feb 1917, Charleston – brother of George Wardlaw Enlisted 2 July 1940, Service #SX7619 Lance Corporal, 2nd/3rd Machine Gun Battalion Died of illness from malnutrition (Prisoner of War) 14 September 1944, Japan, aged 27 years Buried in Yokohama War Cemetery, Kanto, Japan FECHNER, George William Born 20 April 1923, Lobethal (home town: Charleston) Enlisted 9 October 1941, Service #S51461, discharged 3 August 1944 Driver, 48th Battalion HUGHES, Richard Andrew Born 12 February 1925, Woodside Enlisted 25 August 1943, Service #141125, discharged 12 April 1946 Sergeant, 4 Personnel Depot, Royal Australian Air Force MARSHALL, Alfred William Born 20 August 1917, Lobethal (home town: Nairne) Enlisted 24 September 1940, Service #S17691, discharged 13 June 1945 Corporal, Australian Military Forces MARSHALL, Lawrence Roy Born 18 February 1921, Lobethal (home town: Charleston) Enlisted 10 March 1945, Service #SX38745 (S36626), discharged 5 April 1946 Private, Driver, 73 Transport Platoon, Australian Military Forces MARSHALL, Lenard John Born 5 Feb 1919, Charleston Enlisted 4 July 1942, Service #SX23037 (S17586), discharged 20 January 1946 Private, 27th Australian Infantry Battalion MIEGLICH, Clifford Walter Born 27 December 1917, Ambleside (Hahndorf – home town: Lobethal) Enlisted 16 March 1944, Service #SX39680 (S17690), discharged 3 May 1946 Private, 8 Docks Operating Company MIEGLICH, Percival Lindsay Born 27 December 1917, Ambleside (Hahndorf – home town: Lobethal) Enlisted 21 September 1944, Service #SX38600 (S17692), discharged 24 April 1946 Private, 27 Australian Infantry Battalion MIEGLICH, Reginald Maxwell Born 25 October 1921, Lobethal (home town: Charleston) Enlisted 27 October 1944, Service #SX38610 (S51499), discharged 9 July 1946 Private, 110 Light Anti Aircraft Regiment MUSTER, David Rudolph Born 27 May 1917, Ambleside (Hahndorf – home town: Cromer) Enlisted 9 March 1943, Service #SX29060 & S17689, discharged 20 January 1944 Private, Australian Military Forces PAELCHEM, Stanley Born 23 April 1919, Lobethal Enlisted 26 July 1941, Service #SX13846, discharged 20 October 1942 Private, 2nd/27th Infantry Battalion PFEIFFER, Clifford Alan Born 16 April 1916, Charleston Occupation: dairy farmer Enlisted 23 September 1940, Service #S51632, discharged 21 September 1945 Sapper, 7 Docks Operating Company, Australian Army POPE, GG brit POPE, HJ army POYNER, AE SCHUBERT, CA – Clement Arthur or Cyril Angus? SCHUBERT, Clement Arthur Born 14 November 1911, Lobethal Enlisted 4 June 1940, Service #26656, discharged 11 January 1945 Corporal, 7 Airfield Construction Squadron, Royal Australian Air Force SCHUBERT, Cyril Angus Born 5 March 1921, Mount Torrens Enlisted 13 July 1942, Service #SX20418 & S36640, discharged 18 October 1944 Sergeant, General / Motor Transport Company, Australian Military Forces SCHUBERT, Lenard Lance Born 19 January 1923, Lobethal Enlisted 29 March 1943, Service #SX19300, discharged 24 December 1944 Private, Australian Military Forces SCHUBERT, Walter Clement Born 3 June 1918, Lobethal Occupation: gardener Enlisted 23 September 1940, Service #S17625, discharged 26 May 1944 Private, 32 Australian Infantry Training Battalion SCHUBERT, Walter Conrad Born 3 November 1917, Hahndorf (home town: Charleston) Enlisted 7 December 1940, Service #S17753, discharged 11 January 1946 Corporal, Royal Australian Air Force SIMPSON, JW STANBURY, Stanley Walter Born 6 November 1913, Mount Torrens (home town: Charleston) Enlisted 29 August 1942, Service #SX24352 (S51575), discharged 2 October 1945 Private, 101 Australian Anti Aircraft Regiment, Australian Army

Korean War 1950-1953 LEWIS, Leslie William Born 19 December 1927, Tweedvale (Lobethal) Service #12723 Private, 1st Battalion, The Royal Australian Regiment

Vietnam War 1962-1973 BAAYENS, HB LOWE, Melvin Eric (?) Born 12 June 1945, Gawler Service #4718185 Private, 3rd Battalion, The Royal Australian Regiment

Additional locals that served but are not listed on the honour roll: BELL, Roy James Born 18 December 1899, Charleston Enlisted 27 June 1942, Service #S80538, discharged 24 October 1945 Private BUCKLEY, Leslie Arthur Born 31 July 1909, Charleston Enlisted 5 April 1943, Service #S85102 Private, 4 Battalion Volunteer Defence Corps CAMENS, Bernard Gustave Born 6 September 1919, Pinnaroo (home town: Charleston) Enlisted 24 September 1940, Service #S14833, discharged 18 February 1944 Private, Australian Military Forces CARTER, George Donald Born 28 June 1920, Lobethal (home town: Gumeracha) Occupation: farm labourer Enlisted 10 April 1942, Service #S76784 Private, 2nd Battalion Volunteer Defence Corps CLARKE, Kenneth Sulzmann Born 14 July 1905, Corryton (home town: Charleston) Enlisted 18 April 1942, Service #S76725, discharged 15 October 1945 Private, Australian Military Forces DAVIDS, Malcolm James Born 28 October 1921, Lobethal (home town: Charleston) Enlisted 9 January 1943, Service #SX27918 & S37368, discharged 2 April 1946 Private, Australian Military Forces DUNN, David Malcolm Born 12 August 1923, Charleston Enlisted 27 June 1942, Service #S80539, discharged 15 October 1945 Private, Australian Military Forces FISHLOCK, Stanley Jack Born 24 October 1909, Charleston Enlisted 27 June 1942, Service #S80540, discharged 15 October 1945 Private, Australian Military Forces HARRISON, Allan Thomas Born 20 February 1914, Angaston (home town: Charleston) Enlisted 4 March 1941, Service #S11681 JAMES, Ruth Mathews Born 31 May 1917, Adelaide (home town: Charleston) Enlisted 30 October 1944, Service #SFX35503, discharged 15 May 1946 Private, General Hospitals, Australian Military Forces POPE, William Ernest Born 12 November 1878, Charleston (home town: West Croydon) Enlisted 25 June 1940, Service #S8, discharged 8 December 1940 Lieutenant, 2 Infantry Training Depot, Australian Army SCHUBERT, Eric Norman Born 22 May 1915, Mount Torrens (home town: Charleston) Enlisted 17 January 1942, Service #S51670, discharged 1 February 1944 Private, General / Motor Transport Company, Australian Military Forces SCHUBERT, Leslie Ronald Born 5 June 1920, Lobethal Enlisted 23 September 1940, Service #S51723, discharged 24 July 1942 Private, General Details Depot, Australian Army SCHULZ, Clarence Ephraim Born 11 July 1909, Charleston Occupation: dairy farmer Enlisted 27 June 1942, Service #S80541, discharged 1 October 1945 Private, 4th (SA) Battalion Volunteer Defence Corps Died of natural causes, Charleston, 4 October 1981, aged 72 years Buried in Lobethal Public Cemetery SINKINSON, Howard Edward Born 9 December 1910, Charleston Enlisted 27 June 1942, Service #S80543, discharged 15 October 1945 Private, Australian Military Forces SMITH, John Patrick Born 6 March 1918, Bendigo (home town: Charleston) Enlisted 30 September 1940, Service # SX10275, discharged 7 November 1945 Sergeant, Australian New Guinea Administration Unit, Australian Military Forces